insurance risk

Widespread Airspace Avoidance Across Middle East, North Africa, and Russia FIRs Reflects Persistent Regional Risk

Sustained ADS-B surveillance reveals near-zero commercial overflight across Yemen, Iraq, Syria, Sudan, and adjacent FIRs — operators are voluntarily excluding these regions based on air-defense activity, drone proliferation, ATC degradation, and insurance exposure, not waiting for formal airspace closures.